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Guanidine Thiocyanate(GITC), CAS 593-84-0, is a white crystal with molecular weight of 118.16, soluble in water and ethanol. Its working principle is:

The strong protein denaturant can dissolve the protein rapidly, leading to the cell structure breaking, and the nucleoprotein can be separated from the nucleic acid rapidly because of the destruction of the secondary structure disappearing. Guanidine salt is a kind of eliminator which destroys the three-dimensional structure of protein. Guanidine isothiocyanate is the most powerful protein denaturant, which can transform most proteins into a random curl state. It contains strong anion and cation groups, which can form strong hydrogen bond. In the presence of reductants, guanidine isothiocyanate can break the hydrogen bond, while in the presence of detergents, such as SDS, it can break the hydrophobic effect.